1, temperature and Taiwan shipbuilding industry beginning to take shape
In recent years, as China China Shipbuilding Group, China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group and other large backbone enterprise groups in the shipbuilding shipbuilding shifted the direction of large, high-tech, high value-added technology, local shipbuilding companies receive more development of small oil tanker, cargo ship, etc. space, which in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Fujian and other places especially. Zhejiang, for example, according to preliminary statistics, in 2004 the province ship 150 tons, of which 5,000 tons have 120 ships, mainly in Wenzhou, Taizhou area.
1. Wenzhou shipbuilding situation. In recent years, Wenzhou shipbuilding output and output growth, has become the second largest shipbuilding base in Zhejiang. As of the end of 2005, 6, the city engaged in shipbuilding enterprise 49, fixed assets 1.6 billion, employing 10,000 people, the number of ship's 38 from 2001 to 2004, 201; value of 2.3 in 2001 million rose to 3.0 billion in 2004; a total tonnage of 100,000 tons in 2001 to 900,000 tons in 2004. 2005 development trend continues to be good.
2. Taizhou shipbuilding situation. Taizhou shipbuilding industry currently in the ship repair services, build tonnage, ship type, construction, annual production value ranks first in Zhejiang Province and so on, is also the second largest private shipbuilding base and national aspiration ship built sand base, has formed a coastal suction sand, pine doors container ship, bulk carrier Jin Qing characteristics of the main shipping industries. Taizhou Economic and Trade Commission, according to statistics, by the end of 2004, Taizhou total ship repair yard 58 (including 54 private, enterprise grade 17), with a total 3.0 billion; handled from January to May 2005, inspection of ships 220 The total tonnage of 260,000 tons, the output value of 18 billion; shipbuilding tonnage rising trend, the city now under construction has reached more than 20 ton ship fleet, the largest tonnage of 18,600 tons; companies are getting bigger. For example, the three south coast port Jiantiao total investment of 1.4 billion, Zhejiang Province Jiao Friends Shipyard is the largest ship design capability a business.
Second, problems can not be ignored
1. Backward modes of production and management. Temperature and Taiwan, many shipbuilding companies have obvious family characteristics, is still widely used in traditional management model, management disorderly, disorganized production site; interested in "short, flat, fast" project relies heavily on the labor cost advantage to the pursuit of economic efficiency; Meanwhile, the ship model behind the advanced shipbuilding shipyards mainly integrated model, the temperature and Taiwan are mainly the most junior of the overall manufacturing model, using sub-manufacturing model shipbuilding few more workshop type is used ship model. In addition, temperature and Taiwan's shipbuilding industry still prominent structural contradictions, mainly shipbuilding facilities is at a low level, high level of shipbuilding facilities large enough, such as the level is not currently ship with 80,000 tons of manufacturing capacity, has not completed 35 000 ton dock above.
2. Shipbuilding technology behind. WenZhou shipbuilding technology level is low, there may even be edge design, the production side, the phenomenon of boundary changes. Technology areas in shipbuilding, ship design and processing of various process Quefa, ship quality testing, evaluation, supervision mechanism is not perfect, which seriously affected the limited berth 閫犺埞 fully utilizing the technology improvement. Each ship in the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipyard (tons) in the berth just over two months in Japan, just over one month, and in the temperature and Taiwan a 3000-ton vessel manufacturing cycle is 6-7 months month, 10,000 tons and above more than a year. Shipbuilding facilities are backward, not even individual enterprises plant and berth. WenZhou few shipyards CNC cutting equipment, while the maximum lifting capacity of 50 tons only. In material consumption, the average utilization rate of the Japanese shipyard steel 92%, Korea 90%, temperature and Taiwan's shipyard is much lower than the level of Japan and South Korea.
3. Supporting capacity-lag and lack of industrial linkage. A Case Study of the existing 20 marine products supporting enterprises, mainly in marine lighting products, instrumentation, marine electrical and valve and so few categories, and the lack of major marine accessory products. Taizhou has more than 70 supporting enterprises shipbuilding, machinery processing industry developed, and shipbuilding-related valves and pumps, dies and plastic, machinery manufacturing, metal and so the ship has a certain size and production capacity, but similar to Wenzhou , its associated supporting surface is not wide, to a certain extent, restricted the development of the local shipbuilding industry.
4. Shipbuilding Enterprise Finance. As the credit policy is not flexible enough, shipbuilding industry, the lack of effective high-risk collateral, the financial sector are reluctant to enter the shipbuilding field. 2004, financial institutions, such as direct loans shipbuilding enterprise in Wenzhou was only 28 million yuan. Although the growth in loans in 2005, but accounted for the proportion of loans of financial institutions is very low. Shipbuilding enterprises difficult to obtain financial support from financial institutions, and private financing has been the rapid development of shipbuilding industry can not meet the current demand for funds has become a bottleneck impeding the development of shipbuilding industry.
5. Businesses are small. WenZhou private shipbuilding enterprises lack strong, demonstration of leading enterprises. In Taizhou, the Group has a certain scale shipbuilding enterprises is only 15, accounting for less than 30% of the total number of shipbuilding companies, nearly 70% of registered capital of 100 million, and too little on the scale of the shipyard and scattered, low-cost capture the market alone .
6. Staff is generally low. WenZhou private shipbuilding company limited by size and strength, on the importance of new technology and talent is not enough. Shipbuilding companies keen to use cheap labor to reduce labor costs, lack of staff training, lack of specialized technical research and development center and ship designers. Like many companies plan to use their experience to create the ship, and even a lack of common technology operators, illegal acts of a very serious operation.
Third, the shipbuilding industry needs to actively guide
1. To guide the scale shipbuilding enterprises, the Group of. To actively support the expansion of production scale shipbuilding enterprises. To encourage small and medium shipyards key shipbuilding enterprises or through mergers and joint-stock restructuring of assets, to set up a backbone enterprise groups as the leading shipbuilding companies; to encourage small and medium shipbuilding shipbuilding spontaneous formation of loose management companies, unified management of procurement and marketing. Completely change the "low, small, scattered" pattern, from the original family system to the stock, take the road of group management to improve the grade of the private shipbuilding industry. Resolutely banned equipment and backward technology, poor management and operation of non-standard small shipyard.
2. Attention to personnel training. WenZhou shipbuilding enterprises implement the "strategy", the introduction of talent, training, upgrading of human resources. May invite foreign experts and technicians to shipbuilding factory, you can also send staff to training abroad, bold use of young and promising research and development personnel, promote research and development strength. Government should create a vibrant scientific and technological personnel entrepreneurial environment for innovation, while establishing and improving staff training service system, improve staff quality.
3. Improve the management level. (1) conversion shipbuilding mode. Study area shipbuilding method, the whole boat divided by sections, according to principles of operations research and production in group technology using computer-aided design and manufacturing technology, reduce shipbuilding cycle, enhance the technological competitiveness. (2) to promote the new technology, new technology and new materials. Technological transformation of the old plant, the implementation of new technology shipbuilding and pipeline operations, continuously improve the technological level and production efficiency. In ship construction, ship building, ship design, marine engine design and manufacturing, has gradually formed the core technology and intellectual property of technology innovation. And better cost management, reduce design, procurement and other aspects of the cost of consumption, a comprehensive management system start-up capital and improve capital efficiency.
4. Supporting the development of shipbuilding industry. (1) the major marine equipment to improve the technological level of enterprises. Not only to introduce key ancillary equipment, spare parts technology, but also in the absorption of imported technology based on secondary development, developed the products with independent property rights. (2) focus on the development of systems and supporting industries. Ports, shipping, shipbuilding industry is a combination of comprehensive engineering, port construction, navigational water construction, channel dredging, salvage salvage, harbor superintendency administration, ship repair dismantling, ship inspection, scientific research and higher education and other aspects of the design should be done to coordination, balance, supporting development.
5. Improve financial environment. To coordinate the bank to undertake shipbuilding orders in the shipyard timely intervention, through credit guarantees or collateral in the form of ships under construction, to help enterprises solve difficult security and liquidity shortage. This requires the Government and land management, air traffic control, insurance companies, security companies, department coordination, cooperation and support to ensure the safety of bank credit assets, banking and shipbuilding industries to achieve win-win situation.
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